Understanding the Hypothyroidism in Dog

Thyroid in dogs is either characterized as being primary or secondary. Primary refers to problems that originate in the thyroid itself, while secondary problems occur as a result of problems that usually start in the pituitary gland.

The most common problem is hypothyroidism, where the thyroid doesn't secrete enough hormone which 95% of the time is a primary problem. There are two types of hypothyroidism, lymphocytic thyroiditis and idiopathic atrophy of the thyroid gland. Both are equally likely. In rare cases the thyroid problem could be inherited.
Thyroiditis usually occurs when a dog is between the ages of 2 and 3. Idiopathic atrophy is not well understood regarding its cause, although it is believed that it may be caused by a problem with the immune system (autoimmune disease). The disease is also seen more often in mid sized or large dogs.
Symptoms of the Thyroid in Dogs
Hypothyroidism affects all organs in the body. The most noticeable symptom are changes to the skin and hair such as hair loss (alopecia). The coat may appear to be dry or very oily. Other symptoms include problem with the heat cycle in female dogs, lethargy and weight gain even while your dog avoids food. Other possible signs include diarrhea, constipation and decreased heart rate. Skin infections and other infections in the body that do not respond to antibiotics are another sign.
Since the thyroid control metabolism, when a decreased rate of metabolism is seen, thyroid disease is suspected.
Diagnosis of Thyroid in Dogs Problems
Diagnosis includes several tests including the blood chemistry, urine testing (urinalysis) and x-rays.
Treatment of Canine Thyroid Disease
Treatment of of thyroid problems in dogs is hormone replacement therapy of the hormone T4. Dogs undergoing therapy need to be monitored for both progress and to ensure that other complications of the disease are avoided. Your veterinarian will check levels of T4 hormone to make sure they are in a normal range. Hormone levels should normalize after 1 week.
Homeopathic products are also available to provide an added level of support. Natural products such as kelp have properties that can help to support normal thyroid hormone production. Others such as Astragalus membranaceous are known for their support of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands.

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